Ts'ebetso ea ho Qhibiliha le ho Hasana ha Lintho tse Sireletsang Mollo o Tiileng Sistemeng ea Sekhomaretsi sa Polyurethane AB

Ts'ebetso ea ho Qhibiliha le ho Hasana ha Lintho tse Sireletsang Mollo o Tiileng Sistemeng ea Sekhomaretsi sa Polyurethane AB

Bakeng sa ho qhala/ho hasana ha lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse tiileng tse kang aluminium hypophosphite (AHP), aluminium hydroxide (ATH), zinc borate, le melamine cyanurate (MCA) tsamaisong ea sekhomaretsi sa polyurethane AB, mehato ea bohlokoa e kenyelletsa kalafo ea pele, ho hasana ka mohato le taolo e tiileng ea mongobo. Ka tlase ke ts'ebetso e qaqileng (bakeng sa mekhoa e thibelang malakabe haholo; mekhoa e meng e ka fetoloa ka ho latela).

I. Melao-motheo ea Bohlokoa

1. "Qhibiliho" ha e le hantle ke ho hasana: Dithibela-mollo tse tiileng di lokela ho hasana ka ho lekana ho polyol (karolo ya A) ho etsa suspension e tsitsitseng.
2. Kalafo ea lintho tse thibelang malakabe pele ho nako: Sebetsana le mathata a ho monya mongobo, ho kopana ha oona le ho sebetsana le oona ka li-isocyanate.
3. Ho eketsa mohato ka mohato: Kenya thepa ka tatellano ea bongata le boholo ba likaroloana ho qoba ho ba le mahloriso a phahameng sebakeng seo.
4. Taolo e tiileng ea mongobo: Metsi a ja isocyanate (-NCO) karolong ea B, e leng se etsang hore e se ke ea fola hantle.

II. Tsamaiso e Qaqileng ea Ts'ebetso (E ipapisitse le likarolo tse 100 tsa polyol ka har'a karolo ea A)

Mohato oa 1: Kalafo ea pele ho nako e thibelang malakabe (lihora tse 24 esale pele)

• Aluminium Hypophosphite (AHP, likarolo tse 10):
  • Ho koahela bokaholimo ka sesebelisoa sa ho kopanya sa silane (KH-550) kapa sesebelisoa sa ho kopanya sa titanate (NDZ-201):
    • Kopanya karolo ea 0.5 ea motsoako oa ho kopanya + likarolo tse 2 tsa ethanol e sa hloekang, hlohlelletsa metsotso e 10 bakeng sa hydrolysis.
    • Kenya phofo ea AHP 'me u hlohle ka lebelo le phahameng (1000 rpm) metsotso e 20.
    • E omelle ka ontong ho 80°C ka lihora tse 2, ebe u e boloka e koetsoe.
• Aluminium Hydroxide (ATH, likarolo tse 25):
  • Sebelisa ATH e boholo ba submicron, e fetotsoeng silane (mohlala, Wandu WD-WF-20). Haeba e sa fetoloa, e phekole ka tsela e tšoanang le AHP.
• MCA (likarolo tse 6) le Zinc Borate (likarolo tse 4):
  • Omisa mochesong oa 60°C ka lihora tse 4 ho tlosa mongobo, ebe u sefa ka har'a sekirini sa li-net tse 300.

Mohato oa 2: Mokhoa oa ho Hasana oa Karolo ea A (Lehlakore la Polyol)

1. Ho Kopanya Motheo:
   • Kenya likarolo tse 100 tsa polyol (mohlala, polyether polyol PPG) ka setshelong se omileng.
   • Kenya karolo ea 0.3 ea sesebelisoa sa ho lekanya polysiloxane se fetotsoeng ke polyether (mohlala, BYK-333).
2. Pele ho Hasana ka Lebelo le Tlase:
   • Kenya lintho tse thibelang malakabe ka tatellano: ATH (likarolo tse 25) → AHP (likarolo tse 10) → zinc borate (likarolo tse 4) → MCA (likarolo tse 6).
   • Hlohlelletsa ka lebelo la 300-500 rpm metsotso e 10 ho fihlela ho se na phofo e omileng e setseng.
3. Ho Hasana ha Sekhahla se Seholo:
   • Fetohela ho sesebelisoa sa ho hasanya ka lebelo le phahameng (≥1500 rpm) metsotso e 30.
   • Mocheso oa taolo ≤50°C (ho thibela oxidation ea polyol).
4. Ho Sila le ho Ntlafatsa (Ke taba ea bohlokoa!):
   • Feta ka hara leloala la meqolo e meraro kapa leloala la lehlabathe la baskete ka makhetlo a 2-3 ho fihlela le le botenya ba ≤30μm (le lekoa ka Hegman gauge).
5. Tokiso ea Viscosity le ho Silafatsa:
   • Kenya likarolo tse 0.5 tsa silica e fumed hydrophobic (Aerosil R202) ho thibela ho tiea.
   • Kenya likarolo tse 0.2 tsa silicone defoamer (mohlala, Tego Airex 900).
   • Hlohlelletsa ka 200 rpm metsotso e 15 bakeng sa ho tlosa khase.

Mohato oa 3: Kalafo ea B-Component (Lehlakore la Isocyanate)

• Kenya sefa ea limolek'hule ea likarolo tse 4-6 (mohlala, Zeochem 3A) ho karolo ea B (mohlala, prepolymer ea MDI) bakeng sa ho monya mongobo.
• Haeba o sebelisa lintho tse thibelang malakabe tsa phosphorus e metsi (khetho e nang le viscosity e tlase), kopanya ka ho toba le karolo ea B 'me u hlohlelletse metsotso e 10.

Mohato oa 4: Ho Kopanya le ho Phekola Likarolo tsa AB

• Karolelano ea ho kopanya: Latela moralo oa sekhomaretsi sa AB sa mantlha (mohlala, A:B = 100:50).
• Mokhoa oa ho kopanya:
  • Sebelisa motswako wa polanete o nang le dikarolo tse pedi kapa tube ya ho kopanya e sa fetoheng.
  • Kopanya metsotso e 2-3 ho fihlela e tšoana (ha ho na ho kopanya).
• Maemo a ho folisa:
  • Ho phekolwa ha mocheso wa kamore: dihora tse 24 (ho atoloswa ka 30% ka lebaka la ho monngwa ha mocheso o thibelang malakabe).
  • Ho folisa ka potlako: 60°C/lihora tse 2 (netefatsa liphetho tse se nang matheba).

III. Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa tsa Taolo ea Ts'ebetso

IV. Mekhoa e Meng ea ho Hasanya (Ntle le Lisebelisoa tsa ho Sila)

1. Phekolo ea pele ho sila bolo:
   • Kopanya dithibela-malakabe le polyol ka karolelano ya 1:1, sila ya bolo bakeng sa dihora tse 4 (dibolo tsa zirconia, boholo ba 2mm).
2. Mokhoa oa Masterbatch:
   • Lokisetsa masterbatch ea 50% e thibelang malakabe (polyol e le mosireletsi), ebe u e hlapolla pele u e sebelisa.
3. Ho hasana ha ultrasonic:
   • Kenya ultrasonication (20kHz, 500W, metsotso e 10) ho slurry e kopantsoeng esale pele (e loketse lihlopha tse nyane).

V. Litlhahiso tsa ho kenya tshebetsong

1. Teko e nyane pele: Leka ka 100g ea karolo ea A, u shebane le botsitso ba viscosity (phetoho ea lihora tse 24 <10%) le lebelo la ho fola.
2. Molao oa tatellano ea ho eketsa e thibelang malakabe:
   • “E boima pele, e bobebe hamorao; e ntle pele, e mahoashe hamorao” → ATH (e boima) → AHP (e ntle) → zinc borate (e mahareng) → MCA (e bobebe/e mahoashe).
3. Mathata a tšohanyetso:
   • Keketseho ea ho teteana ka tšohanyetso: Kenya 0.5% propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) ho e qhibilihisa.
   • Ho fola hampe: Kenya 5% MDI e fetotsoeng (mohlala, Wanhua PM-200) ho karolo ea B.