Phetoho ea Tlhahiso bakeng sa Letlalo la PVC la Halogen-Free Flame Retardant
Selelekela
Moreki o hlahisa letlalo la PVC le thibelang malakabe le antimony trioxide e neng e sebelisoa pele (Sb₂O₃). Hona joale ba ikemiselitse ho felisa Sb₂O₃ le ho fetohela ho li-halogen-free fire retardants. Sebopeho sa hona joale se kenyelletsa PVC, DOP, EPOXY, BZ-500, ST, HICOAT-410, le antimony. Ho fetoha ho tloha ho sebopeho sa letlalo sa PVC se thehiloeng ho antimony ho ea ho mokhoa o thibelang mollo oa halogen ho emela ntlafatso e kholo ea thekenoloji. Phetoho ena ha e tsamaellane feela le melaoana e thata ea tikoloho (mohlala, RoHS, REACH) empa e boetse e ntlafatsa setšoantšo sa sehlahisoa se "tala" le tlholisano ea 'maraka.
Mathata a Sehlooho
- Tahlehelo ea Phello ea Synergistic:
- Sb₂O₃ ha se sekontiri se matla sa lelakabe ka boeona empa se bonts'a litlamorao tse ntle tse thibelang lelakabe ka chlorine ho PVC, ho ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso. Ho tlosa antimony ho hloka ho fumana mokhoa o mong o se nang halogen o etsisang synergy ena.
- Katleho ea ho Retang Lelakabe:
- Hangata li-retardants tse se nang halogen li hloka ho phahamisoa ho holimo ho fihlela litekanyetso tse lekanang le tse thibelang malakabe (mohlala, UL94 V-0), tse ka amang thepa ea mochini (bonolo, matla a thata, bolelele), ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le litšenyehelo.
- Litšobotsi tsa Letlalo la PVC:
- Letlalo la PVC le hloka bonolo bo botle, ho ikutloa ka letsoho, ho qeta bokaholimo (ho khabisa, ho phatsima), ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo, ho hanyetsa ho falla, le ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso o tlase. Sebopeho se secha se tlameha ho boloka kapa ho tsamaisana haufi-ufi le thepa ena.
- Ts'ebetso ea Ts'ebetso:
- Ho jara ho phahameng ha li-filler tse se nang halogen (mohlala, ATH) ho ka ama phallo ea ho qhibiliha le botsitso ba ts'ebetso.
- Litšenyehelo:
- Li-retardants tse ling tsa halogen-free flame retardants li theko e boima, tse hlokang ho leka-lekana pakeng tsa ts'ebetso le litšenyehelo.
Leano la ho Khetha bakeng sa Litsamaiso tse sa Leseng mollo halogen (bakeng sa Letlalo la Maiketsetso la PVC)
1. Li-Retardants tsa Pele tsa Lelakabe - Metal Hydroxides
- Aluminium Trihydroxide (ATH):
- E tloaelehileng haholo, e boloka chelete.
- Mechanism: Endothermic decomposition (~ 200 ° C), ho ntša mouoane oa metsi ho hlapolla likhase tse tukang le oksijene ha ho ntse ho etsoa lera le sireletsang holim'a metsi.
- Litšitiso: Ts'ebetso e tlase, ho jara ho phahameng ho hlokahalang (40-70 phr), ho fokotsa haholo bonolo, bolelele le ts'ebetso; mocheso oa ho bola o tlase.
- Magnesium Hydrooxide (MDH):
- Mocheso o phahameng oa ho bola (~ 340 ° C), o loketse hantle bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea PVC (160-200 ° C).
- Litšitiso: Lijalo tse phahameng tse tšoanang (40-70 phr) lia hlokahala; theko e phahameng hanyane ho feta ATH; e ka ba le mongobo o phahameng.
Leano:
- Khetha MDH kapa motsoako oa ATH/MDH (mohlala, 70/30) ho leka-lekanya litšenyehelo, ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso, le ho lieha ha lelakabe.
- Sehlahisoa sa holim'a metsi (mohlala, silane-coupled) ATH/MDH e ntlafatsa ho sebelisana le PVC, e kokobetsa ho senyeha ha thepa, 'me e ntlafatsa ho lieha ha lelakabe.
2. Flame Retardant Synergists
Ho fokotsa meroalo ea mantlha e thibelang malakabe le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso, li-synergists li bohlokoa:
- Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardants: E loketse litsamaiso tsa PVC tse se nang halogen.
- Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): E khothalletsa ho chesoa, ho etsa lera la intumescent.
- Ela hloko: Sebelisa limaraka tse hanyetsanang le mocheso o phahameng (mohlala, Mokhahlelo oa II, >280°C) ho qoba ho bola nakong ea ts'ebetso. Li-APP tse ling li ka ama ponahalo le ho hanyetsa metsi.
- Aluminium Diethylphosphinate (ADP): E sebetsa ka mokhoa o phahameng, o tlaase (5-20 phr), tšusumetso e fokolang ea thepa, botsitso bo botle ba mocheso.
- Drwback: Theko e phahameng.
- Phosphate Esters (mohlala, RDP, BDP, TCPP): E sebetsa e le li-plasticizing retardants lelakabe.
- Melemo: Karolo e 'meli (plasticizer + flame retardant).
- Cons: Limolek'hule tse nyenyane (mohlala, TCPP) li ka falla / tsa fetoha; RDP/BDP e na le katleho e tlase ea polasetiki ho feta DOP mme e ka fokotsa ho fetoha ha maemo a tlase a mocheso.
- Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): E khothalletsa ho chesoa, ho etsa lera la intumescent.
- Zinc Borate (ZB):
- Theko e tlase, e sebetsang ka bongata (e thibelang lelakabe, se hatellang mosi, se khothalletsang char, se thibelang ho rotha). E sebelisana hantle le ATH/MDH le litsamaiso tsa phosphorus-nitrogen. Ho jara ka tloaelo: 3–10 phr.
- Zinc Stanate/Hydroxy Stanate:
- Lisebelisoa tse khabane ka ho fetisisa tse hatellang mosi le li-synergists tse thibelang malakabe, haholo-holo bakeng sa li-polymer tse nang le chlorine (mohlala, PVC). E ka nkela karolo e itseng ea antimony synergistic. Ho laeloa ho tloaelehileng: 2–8 phr.
- Metsoako ea Molybdenum (mohlala, MoO₃, Ammonium Molybdate):
- Lisebelisoa tse matla tse hatellang mosi tse nang le malakabe a retardant. Ho jara ho tloaelehileng: 2-5 phr.
- Nano Fillers (mohlala, Nanoclay):
- Lits'oants'o tse tlase (3-8 phr) li ntlafatsa ho lieha ha lelakabe (ho theha char, ho fokotsa sekhahla sa ho lokolla mocheso) le thepa ea mochini. Phalamiso e bohlokoa.
3. Lithethefatsi tse Hatellang Mosi
PVC e hlahisa mosi o boima nakong ea mollo. Hangata lihlahisoa tse se nang halogen li hloka ho hatelloa ha mosi. Zinc borate, zinc stannate le metsoako ea molybdenum ke khetho e ntle haholo.
Moetso o sisintsoeng oa Halogen-Free Flame Retardant (Ho ipapisitsoe le Tlhahiso ea Pele ea Moreki)
Sepheo: Finyella UL94 V-0 (1.6 mm kapa ho feta) ha u ntse u boloka bonolo, ts'ebetso le thepa ea bohlokoa.
Maikutlo:
- Moetso oa mantlha:
- DOP: 50-70 phr (plasticizer).
- ST: Ho ka etsahala hore ebe stearic acid (lubricant).
- HICOAT-410: Ca/Zn stabilizer.
- BZ-500: Mohlomong thuso ea lubricant/processing (ho netefatsa).
- EPOXY: Oli ea soya e senyehileng (co-stabilizer/plasticizer).
- Antimony: Sb₂O₃ (e tla tlosoa).
1. Moralo oa Tlhahiso o khothalelitsoeng (ka 100 phr PVC resin)
| Karolo | Mosebetsi | E ea kenya (phr) | Lintlha |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resin ea PVC | Polymer ea motheo | 100 | Boima ba limolek'hule bo bohareng / bo phahameng bakeng sa ts'ebetso e leka-lekaneng / thepa. |
| Plasticizer ea mantlha | Bonolo | 40–60 | Kgetho A (Tekanyo ya Ditshenyehelo/Tshebetso): Ester e sa fellang ya phosphate (mohlala, RDP/BDP, 10–20 phr) + DOTP/DINP (30–50 phr). Kgetho B (Bohlokoa ba Mocheso o Tlase): DOTP/DINP (50–70 phr) + e thibelang lelakabe la PN e sebetsang hantle (mohlala, ADP, 10–15 phr). Sepheo: Kopanya bonolo ba pele. |
| Motlakase oa Pele oa Lelakabe | Khatello ea malakabe, khatello ea mosi | 30–50 | Motsoako oa MDH kapa MDH/ATH o entsoeng ka holimo (mohlala, 70/30). Bohloeki bo phahameng, boholo bo botle ba likaroloana, bo entsoeng ka holimo. Fetosa ho kenya ts'ebetsong bakeng sa ho lieha ha lelakabe la sepheo. |
| PN Synergist | Tšebeliso e phahameng ea matla a mollo, ho phahamisa char | 10–20 | Khetho ea 1: APP ea mocheso o phahameng (Mokhahlelo oa II). Khetho ea 2: ADP (bokhoni bo phahameng, ho kenya thepa e tlaase, litšenyehelo tse phahameng). Khetho ea 3: Li-plasticizers tsa Phosphate ester (RDP / BDP) - fetola haeba li se li sebelisoa e le li-plasticizers. |
| Synergist/ Mohatelli wa Mosi | Ho fokotsa lelakabe ho matlafalitsoeng, phokotso ea mosi | 5–15 | Motsoako o khothalelitsoeng: Zinc borate (5–10 phr) + zinc stannate (3–8 phr). Ka boikhethelo: MoO₃ (2–5 phr). |
| Ca/Zn Stabilizer (HICOAT-410) | Ho tsitsa ha mocheso | 2.0–4.0 | Bohlokoa! Ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore ho kenngoe thepa e batlang e phahame hanyane ha ho bapisoa le libopeho tsa Sb₂O₃. |
| Oli ea Soya e Epoxidized (EPOXY) | Co-stabilizer, plasticizer | 3.0–8.0 | Boloka bakeng sa botsitso le ts'ebetso e tlase ea mocheso. |
| Lisebelisoa | Thuso ea ho sebetsa, ho lokolloa ha hlobo | 1.0–2.5 | ST (stearic acid): 0.5-1.5 phr. BZ-500: 0.5–1.0 phr (fetola ho latela mosebetsi). Ntlafatsa bakeng sa ho kenya li-filler tse phahameng. |
| Thuso ea ho sebetsa (mohlala, ACR) | Qhibiliha matla, phalla | 0.5–2.0 | E bohlokoa bakeng sa litlolo tse ngata haholo. E ntlafatsa pheletso ea bokaholimo le tlhahiso. |
| Li-additives tse ling | Joalo ka ha ho hlokahala | - | Li-colorants, li-stabilizer tsa UV, li-biocides, joalo-joalo. |
2. Tlhahiso ea Mohlala (E Hloka Ntlafatso)
| Karolo | Mofuta | E ea kenya (phr) |
|---|---|---|
| Resin ea PVC | K-boleng ~ 65-70 | 100.0 |
| Plasticizer ea mantlha | DOTP/DINP | 45.0 |
| Phosphate Ester Plasticizer | RDP | 15.0 |
| MDH e phekolehang ka holim'a metsi | - | 40.0 |
| High-Temp APP | Mokhahlelo oa II | 12.0 |
| Borate ea Zinc | ZB | 8.0 |
| Zinc Stannate | ZS | 5.0 |
| Ca/Zn Stabilizer | HICOAT-410 | 3.5 |
| Oli ea Soya e Epoxidized | EPOXE | 5.0 |
| Asiti ea Stearic | ST | 1.0 |
| BZ-500 | Setlolo | 1.0 |
| Thuso ea ho sebetsa ea ACR | - | 1.5 |
| Li-colorants, joalo-joalo. | - | Joalo ka ha ho hlokahala |
Mehato e Bohlokoa ea ho Phethahatso
- Netefatsa Lintlha tsa Raw Material:
- Hlakisa boitsebiso ba lik'hemik'hale tsa
BZ-500leST(batla lipampiri tsa bafani ba thepa). - Netefatsa ka ho hlaka tse roaloang
DOP,EPOXE, leHICOAT-410. - Hlalosa litlhoko tsa bareki: Sepheo sa ho lieha ha lelakabe la mollo (mohlala, botenya ba UL94), bonolo (bothata), kopo (koloi, thepa ea ka tlung, mekotla?), litlhoko tse khethehileng (ho hanyetsa serame, botsitso ba UV, ho hanyetsa abrasion?), meeli ea litšenyehelo.
- Hlakisa boitsebiso ba lik'hemik'hale tsa
- Kgetha Mephato e Ikgethileng ya Flame Retardant:
- Kopa lisampole tse thibelang malakabe tse se nang halogen tse etselitsoeng letlalo la PVC ho tsoa ho barekisi.
- Beha pele ATH/MDH e sebelisoang holimo bakeng sa phallo e ntle.
- Bakeng sa APP, sebelisa limaraka tse mamellang mocheso o phahameng.
- Bakeng sa phosphate esters, khetha RDP/BDP ho feta TCPP bakeng sa phallo e tlase.
- Teko le Ntlafatso ea Lab-Scale:
- Lokisetsa li-batch tse nyane tse nang le mejaro e fapaneng (mohlala, lokisa litekanyo tsa MDH/APP/ZB/ZS).
- Ho kopanya: Sebelisa li-mixer tsa lebelo le phahameng (mohlala, Henschel) bakeng sa ho hasana ho tšoanang. Kenya metsi (li-plasticizers, stabilizers) pele, ebe li-powders.
- Liteko tsa Ts'ebetso: Teko ho lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso (mohlala, Banbury mixer + calendering). Lekola nako ea plastification, qhibiliha viscosity, torque, boleng ba bokaholimo.
- Teko ea Ts'ebetso:
- Ho lieha ha lelakabe: UL94, LOI.
- Thepa ea mochini: Ho thatafala (Lebopo A), matla a tsitsitseng, bolelele.
- Bonolo/maikutlo a letsoho: Liteko tsa Subjective + boima.
- Ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso o tlase: Teko ea ho kobeha ho batang.
- Ho tsitsa ha mocheso: Teko e khubelu ea Congo.
- Ponahalo: 'Mala, botlolo, mokhabiso.
- (Ho ikhethela) Boima ba mosi: kamore ea mosi ea NBS.
- Ho rarolla mathata le ho leka-lekanya:
| Hlahisa | Tharollo |
|---|---|
| Ho se sebetse hantle ha lelakabe | Eketsa MDH/ATH kapa APP; eketsa ADP; ntlafatsa ZB/ZS; etsa bonnete ba ho hasana. |
| Lintho tse fosahetseng tsa mochini (mohlala, bolelele bo tlase) | Fokotsa MDH / ATH; eketsa PN synergist; sebelisa li-fillers tse entsoeng ka holim'a metsi; fetola li-plasticizers. |
| Mathata a ho sebetsa (viscosity e phahameng, bokaholimo bo bobe) | Ntlafatsa mafura; eketsa ACR; hlahloba ho kopanya; lokisa mocheso/mabelo. |
| Theko e phahameng | Optimize loadings; sebelisa metsoako ea ATH / MDH e theko e tlaase; hlahloba mekhoa e meng. |
- Pilot & Production: Kamora ho ntlafatsa lab, etsa liteko tsa sefofane ho netefatsa botsitso, botsitso le litšenyehelo. Eketsa feela ka mor'a ho netefatsa.
Qetello
Ho tloha letlalong la PVC le sa sebetseng hantle ho tloha ho antimony ho ea ho letlalo la PVC le se nang mollo oa halogen hoa khoneha empa ho hloka ntlafatso e hlophisitsoeng. Mokhoa oa mantlha o kopanya li-hydroxides tsa tšepe (ka ho khetheha li tšoaroa ka holim'a metsi MDH), phosphorus-nitrogen synergists (APP kapa ADP), le li-multifunctional mosi tse hatellang (zinki borate, zinki stannate). Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho ntlafatsa li-plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricant le lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsa ho bohlokoa.
Linotlolo tsa Katleho:
- Hlalosa lipehelo le lithibelo tse hlakileng (ho lieha ha lelakabe, thepa, litšenyehelo).
- Khetha li-halogen-free retardants (li-filler tse phekotsoeng ka holim'a metsi, APP ea mocheso o phahameng).
- Etsa liteko tse matla tsa laboratori (ho lieha ha lelakabe, thepa, ho sebetsa).
- Etsa bonnete ba ho kopanya ho ts'oanang le ts'ebetso e lumellanang.
More info., you can contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com
Nako ea poso: Aug-12-2025
