Polypropylene (PP) UL94 V0 le V2 Flame Retardant Formulations

Polypropylene (PP) UL94 V0 le V2 Flame Retardant Formulations

Polypropylene (PP) ke polymer ea thermoplastic e sebelisoang haholo, empa ho chesa ha eona ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea eona mafapheng a itseng. Ho fihlela litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ho khutlisa lelakabe (tse joalo ka UL94 V0 le limaraka tsa V2), li-retardants tsa lelakabe li ka kenyelletsoa ho matlafatsa khanyetso ea lelakabe la PP. Ka tlase ke kenyelletso e qaqileng ea liforomo tsa PP tse thibelang malakabe bakeng sa limaraka tsa UL94 V0 le V2, ho kenyeletsoa khetho e thibelang lelakabe, moralo oa moralo, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso, le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso.

1. Kenyelletso ea UL94 Flame Retardancy Ratings

UL94 ke tekanyetso ea mollo e ntlafalitsoeng ke Underwriters Laboratories (UL) ho lekola ho hanyetsa lelakabe la thepa ea polasetiki. Lintlha tse tloaelehileng tsa ho lieha ha lelakabe li kenyelletsa:

• V0: Kereiti e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea ho thibela lelakabe, e hlokang lisampole ho itima ka metsotsoana e 10 tekong ea ho chesoa e otlolohileng ntle le ho hotetsa k'hothone ka ho rotha.
• V2: Kereiti e tlase ea ho lieha ho chesa, e lumellang lisampole ho itima ka metsotsoana e 30 tekong ea ho chesoa e otlolohileng ha e ntse e lumella ho rotha ho ka hotetsang k'hothone.

2. Sebopeho sa PP sa V0 Flame-Retardant

PP e thibelang malakabe ea V0 e hloka ho hanyetsa lelakabe ka tsela e babatsehang, eo hangata e finyelloang ka ho kenyelletsa li-retardants tsa lelakabe tse sebetsang hantle haholo le ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso.

2.1 Kgetho e Lekang Lelakabe

• Brominated Flame Retardants: Tse kang decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDPO) le tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), tse fanang ka katleho e phahameng empa e ka 'na ea se ke ea baballa tikoloho.
• Li-Flame Retardants tse thehiloeng ho Phosphorus: Tse kang ammonium polyphosphate (APP) le phosphorus e khubelu, e leng eco-friendly le e sebetsang haholoanyane.
• Li-Intumescent Flame Retardants (IFR): E kenyelletsa mohloli oa asiti, mohloli oa khabone, le mohloli oa khase, e fanang ka tšebeliso e ntle ea tikoloho le ho lieha ho sebetsa hantle ha lelakabe.
• Magnesium Hydrooxide (Mg(OH)₂) kapa Aluminium Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃): Eco-friendly inorganic flame retardants, empa maemo a phahameng a ho laela aa hlokahala.

2.2 Tlhahiso e Tloaelehileng

• PP Resin: 100phr (ka boima ba 'mele, e tšoanang ka tlase).
• Intumescent Flame Retardant (IFR): 20-30phr.
• Magnesium Hydrooxide: 10-20phr.
• Moemeli oa Anti-Dripping: 0.5–1 phr (mohlala, polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE).
• Setlolo: 0.5–1 phr (mohlala, zinki stearate).
• Antioxidant: 0.2–0.5 phr.

2.3 Mekhoa ea ho sebetsa

• Ho kopanya: Kopanya resin ea PP ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, li-retardants tsa lelakabe le lisebelisoa tse ling ka har'a motsoako oa lebelo le phahameng.
• Extrusion & Pelletizing: Sebelisa li-twin-screw extruder ho 180-220 ° C ho hlahisa li-pellets.
• Ho Bopa ka Ente: Bopa li-pellets hore e be mehlala ea liteko u sebelisa mochini oa ho etsa ente.

2.4 Teko ea Ts'ebetso

• UL94 Vertical Burn Test: lisampole li tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tsa V0 (ho itima ka boeona nakong ea metsotsoana e 10, ha ho na k'hothone e tukang e tsoang ho marotholi).
• Teko ea Lintho tsa Mechini: Lekola matla a ho tiea, matla a tšusumetso, joalo-joalo, ho netefatsa hore ts'ebetso ea thepa e kopana le litlhoko tsa kopo.

3. Moqapi oa Tlhahiso ea V2 Flame-Retardant PP

PP e thibelang malakabe ea V2 e na le litlhoko tse tlase tsa ho hanyetsa lelakabe 'me e ka finyelloa ka ho kenya letsoho ho thibelang mollo ka mokhoa o itekanetseng.

3.1 Kgetho e Lekang Lelakabe

• Brominated Flame Retardants: Joalo ka DBDPO kapa TBBPA, e hlokang chelete e nyane feela ho fihlela V2.
• Li-Flame Retardants tse thehiloeng ho Phosphorus: Joalo ka phosphorus e khubelu kapa phosphates, e fanang ka tharollo e bonolo ea tikoloho.
• Magnesium Hydrooxide (Mg(OH)₂) kapa Aluminium Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃): Eco-friendly empa e hloka ho jara lintho tse ngata.

3.2 Tlhahiso e Tloaelehileng

• PP Resinnako: 100phr.
• Brominated Flame Retardant: 5-10phr.
• Antimony Trioxide (Sb₂O₃): 2–3phr (joaloka synergist).
• Moemeli oa Anti-Dripping: 0.5–1 phr (mohlala, PTFE).
• Setlolo: 0.5–1 phr (mohlala, zinki stearate).
• Antioxidant: 0.2–0.5 phr.

3.3 Mekhoa ea ho sebetsa

• E ts'oanang le ts'ebetso ea V0-grade (ho kopanya, extrusion, molding ea ente).

3.4 Teko ea Ts'ebetso

• UL94 Vertical Burn Test: Mehlala e tlameha ho finyella litlhoko tsa V2 (ho itima ka boeona ka metsotsoana e 30, ho rotha ho lumelletsoe).
• Teko ea Lintho tsa Mechini: Netefatsa hore ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa e kopana le litlhoko tsa kopo.

4. Papiso Pakeng tsa V0 le V2 Formulations

4.1 Flame Retardant Loading

• V0 e hloka ho jarolloa ho holimo (mohlala, 20–30phr IFR kapa 10–20phr Mg(OH)₂).
• V2 e hloka li-loadings tse tlase (mohlala, 5–10phr brominated flame retardants).

4.2 Bokhoni ba ho Tatella Lelakabe

• V0 e fana ka khanyetso e phahameng ea lelakabe bakeng sa litlhoko tse thata.

4.3 Thepa ea Mechini

• Meetso ea V0 e ka ama thepa ea mochini haholo (mohlala, matla a ts'usumetso, matla a ho tsitsa) ka lebaka la litlatsetso tse ngata.
• Meetso ea V2 e na le tšusumetso e fokolang ts'ebetsong ea mochini.

4.4 Tšusumetso ea Tikoloho

• Mefuta ea V0 hangata e sebelisa li-eco-friendly flame retardants (mohlala, IFR, Mg(OH)₂).
• Meetso ea V2 e ka sebelisa li-brominated flame retardants, tse sa sebeliseng tikoloho hantle.

5. Litlhahiso tsa ho ntlafatsa ho theha

5.1 Tšebelisano 'moho ea Flame Retardant

• Ho kopanya li-retardants tse fapaneng tsa lelakabe (mohlala, IFR + Mg(OH) ₂, brominated + Sb₂O₃) e ka ntlafatsa ho lieha ha lelakabe le ho fokotsa phallo.

5.2 Phetoho ea Sebaka

• Ho fetola li-inorganic flame retardants (mohlala, Mg(OH)₂, Al(OH)₃) ho ntlafatsa ho sebelisana le PP, ho matlafatsa thepa ea mochini.

5.3 Ntlafatso ea Ts'ebetso

• Ho laola li-parameter tsa extrusion / ente (mocheso, khatello, lebelo la screw) ho netefatsa ho hasana ho tšoanang le ho thibela ho senyeha.

6. Qetello

Moralo oa liforomo tsa V0 le V2 tse thibelang malakabe a PP o ipapisitse le litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa ho hanyetsa lelakabe le maemo a ts'ebeliso.

• V0 metsoakohangata ba sebelisa li-retardants tse sebetsang hantle haholo (mohlala, IFR, Mg(OH) ₂) le synergism e ntlafalitsoeng ho fihlela litekanyetso tse thata.
• Mefuta ea V2e ka fihlela ho lieha ha lelakabe le tlase ka li-additives tse fokolang (mohlala, li-brominated flame retardants).

Lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang, lintlha tse kang ho hanyetsa lelakabe, ts'ebetso ea mochini, tšusumetso ea tikoloho, le litšenyehelo li tlameha ho leka-lekana ho ntlafatsa mekhoa le mekhoa ea ho sebetsa.

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