Mefuta ea Polypropylene (PP) UL94 V0 le V2 e Sitisang Mollo

Mefuta ea Polypropylene (PP) UL94 V0 le V2 e Sitisang Mollo

Polypropylene (PP) ke polymer e sebelisoang haholo ea thermoplastic, empa ho cha ha eona ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea eona masimong a itseng. Ho fihlela litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ho lieha ha mollo (joalo ka likereiti tsa UL94 V0 le V2), lintho tse thibelang mollo li ka kenyelletsoa ho ntlafatsa khanyetso ea mollo ea PP. Ka tlase ke selelekela se qaqileng sa mekhoa ea PP e thibelang mollo bakeng sa likereiti tsa UL94 V0 le V2, ho kenyeletsoa khetho ea lintho tse thibelang mollo, moralo oa mokhoa oa ho etsa lintho, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso le liteko tsa ts'ebetso.

1. Selelekela ho Litekanyetso tsa UL94 Flame Retardancy

UL94 ke tekanyetso ea ho cha e ntlafalitsoeng ke Underwriters Laboratories (UL) ho lekola ho hanyetsa ha malakabe ha thepa ea polasetiki. Litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng tsa ho lieha ha malakabe li kenyelletsa:

• V0: Ke boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba ho thibela malakabe, bo hlokang hore disampole li itima ka botsona ka metsotsoana e 10 tekong ea ho chesa ka ho otloloha ntle le ho hotetsa k'hothone ka ho rotha.
• V2: Kereiti e tlase ea ho thibela malakabe, e lumellang lisampole ho itima ka metsotsoana e 30 tekong ea ho chesa e otlolohileng ha ka nako e ts'oanang li lumella ho rotha ho ka hotetsang k'hothone.

2. Sebopeho sa PP se thibelang malakabe sa V0

PP e thibelang malakabe ea V0 e hloka khanyetso e ntle ea malakabe, hangata e finyelloang ka ho kenyelletsa lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse sebetsang hantle le ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa ho etsa lintho.

2.1 Khetho ea ho Sireletsa Mollo

• Litšitiso tsa Mollo tse nang le Brominated: Tse kang decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDPO) le tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), tse fanang ka bokgoni bo phahameng empa di ka nna tsa se be le tshireletso e kaalo tikolohong.
• Lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse thehiloeng ho phosphorus: Tse kang ammonium polyphosphate (APP) le phosphorus e khubelu, tse mosa haholoanyane tikolohong le tse sebetsang hantle.
• Lintho tse thibelang malakabe a ka hare ho modumo (IFR): E na le mohloli oa asiti, mohloli oa khabone, le mohloli oa khase, e fanang ka tšireletso e sireletsang tikoloho le e sebetsang hantle ea malakabe.
• Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) kapa Aluminium Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃): Lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse sa hlokeng tikoloho, empa ho hlokahala maemo a ho jara a phahameng.

2.2 Sebopeho se Tloaelehileng

• Resin ea PP: 100phr (ka boima, e ka tlase ho moo).
• Intumescent Flame Retardant (IFR): 20–30pr.
• Magnesium Hydroxide: 10–20pr.
• Moemeli ea Thibelang ho Rotha: 0.5–1 phr (mohlala, polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE).
• Setlolo: 0.5–1 phr (mohlala, zinki stearate).
• Antioxidant: 0.2–0.5 phr.

2.3 Mekhoa ea ho Sebetsa

• Ho kopanya: Kopanya resin ea PP ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, lintho tse thibelang malakabe, le lintho tse ling tse eketsang ka har'a sesebelisoa sa ho kopanya se lebelo le phahameng.
• Ho ntša le ho ntša pellet: Sebelisa sesebelisoa sa ho ntša li-screw tse peli mochesong oa 180–220°C ho hlahisa li-pellet.
• Ho Enta ka Ente: Bopa li-pellets hore e be disampole tsa liteko u sebelisa mochini oa ho enta ka ente.

2.4 Teko ea Tshebetso

• Teko ea ho Chesa ho Emang ea UL94: Disampole di lokela ho fihlela ditlhoko tsa V0 (ho itima ka botsona ka metsotswana e 10, ho se be le ho hotetsa ha k'hothone ho tswang marothoding).
• Teko ea Thepa ea Mechini: Lekola matla a ho thaepa, matla a ho thulana, jj., ho netefatsa hore ts'ebetso ea thepa e fihlela litlhoko tsa ts'ebeliso.

3. Moralo oa Tlhahiso ea PP e Sireletsang Lelakabe ea V2

PP e thibelang malakabe ea V2 e na le litlhoko tse tlase tsa ho hanyetsa malakabe 'me e ka finyelloa ka ho kenya thepa e thibelang malakabe ka mokhoa o itekanetseng.

3.1 Khetho ea ho Sireletsa Mollo

• Litšitiso tsa Mollo tse nang le Brominated: Jwalo ka DBDPO kapa TBBPA, e hlokang tjhelete e nyane feela ho fihlella V2.
• Lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse thehiloeng ho phosphorus: Tse kang phosphorus e khubelu kapa phosphates, tse fanang ka litharollo tse sireletsang tikoloho.
• Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) kapa Aluminium Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃): E mosa tikolohong empa e hloka ho jarisoa ho hoholo.

3.2 Sebopeho se Tloaelehileng

• Resin ea PP: Lihora tse 100.
• Sefofu se nang le Brominated Flame: 5–10pr.
• Antimony Trioxide (Sb₂O₃): 2–3phr (e le mothusi).
• Moemeli ea Thibelang ho Rotha: 0.5–1 phr (mohlala, PTFE).
• Setlolo: 0.5–1 phr (mohlala, zinki stearate).
• Antioxidant: 0.2–0.5 phr.

3.3 Mekhoa ea ho Sebetsa

• Ho tšoana le ts'ebetso ea sehlopha sa V0 (ho kopanya, ho ntša, ho enta ka ente).

3.4 Teko ea Tshebetso

• Teko ea ho Chesa ho Emang ea UL94: Disampole di lokela ho fihlela ditlhoko tsa V2 (ho itima ka bohona ka metsotswana e 30, ho dumellwa ho rotha).
• Teko ea Thepa ea Mechini: Netefatsa hore ts'ebetso ea thepa e fihlela litlhoko tsa ts'ebeliso.

4. Papiso Pakeng tsa Mekhoa ea V0 le V2

4.1 Ho jarisa ho Sireletsang Mollo

• V0 e hloka mojaro o phahameng (mohlala, 20–30phr IFR kapa 10–20phr Mg(OH)₂).
• V2 e hloka meroalo e tlase (mohlala, li-retantant tsa malakabe tse nang le brominated flame tsa 5-10phr).

4.2 Bokgoni ba ho Thibela Lelakabe

• V0 e fana ka khanyetso e phahameng ea malakabe bakeng sa litlhoko tse thata.

4.3 Thepa ea Mekaniki

• Mekhoa ea V0 e ka ama haholo litšobotsi tsa mechini (mohlala, matla a tšusumetso, matla a ho thaepa) ka lebaka la dikahare tse ngata tsa tlatsetso.
• Mekhoa ea V2 e na le tšusumetso e nyane ts'ebetsong ea mechini.

4.4 Tšusumetso Tikolohong

• Hangata di-formulations tsa V0 di sebedisa di-retantant tse sireletsang malakabe tikolohong (mohlala, IFR, Mg(OH)₂).
• Mefuta ea V2 e ka sebelisa li-retant tsa malakabe tse nang le brominated, tse sa sireletseng tikoloho haholo.

5. Litlhahiso tsa Ntlafatso ea Tlhahiso

5.1 Tšebelisano-'moho e Sireletsang Mollo

• Ho kopanya lintho tse fapaneng tse thibelang malakabe (mohlala, IFR + Mg(OH)₂, brominated + Sb₂O₃) ho ka eketsa ho thibela malakabe le ho fokotsa mojaro.

5.2 Phetoho ea Bokaholimo

• Ho fetola lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse sa pheleng (mohlala, Mg(OH)₂, Al(OH)₃) ho ntlafatsa ho tsamaellana le PP, ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mechini.

5.3 Ntlafatso ea Ts'ebetso

• Ho laola diparamente tsa extrusion/ente (mocheso, kgatello, lebelo la sekurufu) ho netefatsa ho hasana ho lekanang le ho thibela ho senyeha.

6. Qetello

Moralo oa mekhoa ea PP e thibelang malakabe ea V0 le V2 e itšetlehile ka litlhoko tse itseng tsa ho hanyetsa malakabe le maemo a ts'ebeliso.

• Mekhoa ea V0hangata li sebelisa lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse sebetsang hantle haholo (mohlala, IFR, Mg(OH)₂) le tšebelisano-'moho e ntlafalitsoeng ho fihlela maemo a thata.
• Mekhoa ea V2e ka fokotsa ho tiea ha malakabe ka ho eketsa lintho tse fokolang (mohlala, li-brominated flame retardants).

Litšebelisong tse sebetsang, lintlha tse kang ho hanyetsa malakabe, ts'ebetso ea mechini, tšusumetso ea tikoloho le litšenyehelo li tlameha ho leka-lekana ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea ho etsa le ho sebetsana le eona.

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