Moralo oa sebopeho sa sekhomaretsi se thibelang malakabe bakeng sa likhomaretsi o hloka ho etsoa hore o iketsetse ho latela mofuta oa motheo oa sekhomaretsi (joalo ka epoxy resin, polyurethane, acrylic, jj.) le maemo a ts'ebeliso (joalo ka kaho, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, likoloi, jj.). Ka tlase ke likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa sebopeho sa sekhomaretsi se thibelang malakabe le mesebetsi ea tsona, tse akaretsang litharollo tsa sekhomaretsi se thibelang malakabe se nang halogen le se se nang halogen.
1. Melao-motheo ea Moralo oa Sebopeho sa ho Khomarela se Sireletsang Mollo
- Bokgoni bo Phahameng: Kopana le UL 94 V0 kapa V2.
- Ho lumellana: Sethibela-mollo se lokela ho tsamaellana le thepa ea motheo ea sekhomaretsi ntle le ho ama ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya.
- Botsoalle ba Tikoloho: Beha lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse se nang halogen pele ho latela melao ea tikoloho.
- Ho sebetsa habonolo: Sethibela-malakabe ha sea lokela ho sitisa tshebetso ya ho lokisa kapa ho phalla ha sekhomaretsi.
2. Sebopeho sa Sekhomaretsi se Sireletsang Mollo sa Halogenated
Lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse nang le halogenated (mohlala, tse nang le brominated) li sitisa karabelo ea ketane ea ho tuka ka ho lokolla li-radical tsa halogen, tse fanang ka katleho e phahameng ea ho thibela malakabe.
Likarolo tsa ho theha:
- Thepa ea Motheo ea Sekhomaretsi: Resin ea epoxy, polyurethane, kapa acrylic.
- Sefofu se nang le Brominated Flame: 10–20% (mohlala, decabromodiphenyl ether, polystyrene e nang le brominated).
- Antimony Trioxide (Synergist): 3–5% (e ntlafatsa phello ea ho thibela malakabe).
- Setlolo sa polasetiki: 1–3% (e ntlafatsa ho tenyetseha).
- Moemeli oa ho Folisa: E kgethilwe ho latela mofuta wa sekhomaretsi (mohlala, e thehilweng ho amine bakeng sa resin ya epoxy).
- Solvent: Ha ho hlokahala (e lokisa viscosity).
Litšobotsi:
- Melemo: Bokgoni bo phahameng ba ho thibela malakabe, bongata bo tlase ba tlatsetso.
- Mathata: E ka hlahisa likhase tse chefo nakong ea ho cha; matšoenyeho a tikoloho.
3. Sebopeho sa Sekhomaretsi se sa Lakatseheng sa Halogen
Lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse se nang halogen (mohlala, tse thehiloeng ho phosphorus, tse thehiloeng ho naetrojene, kapa li-hydroxide tse sa pheleng) li sebetsa ka liketso tsa endothermic kapa ho thehoa ha lera le sireletsang, tse fanang ka ts'ebetso e betere ea tikoloho.
Likarolo tsa ho theha:
- Thepa ea Motheo ea Sekhomaretsi: Resin ea epoxy, polyurethane, kapa acrylic.
- Sefofatsi se Thehiloeng ho Phosphorus: 10–15% (mohlala,ammonium polyphosphate APPkapa phosphorus e khubelu).
- Se thibelang mollo se thehiloeng ho naetrojene: 5–10% (mohlala, melamine cyanurate MCA).
- Li-Hydroxide tse sa pheleng: 20–30% (mohlala, aluminium hydroxide kapa magnesium hydroxide).
- Setlolo sa polasetiki: 1–3% (e ntlafatsa ho tenyetseha).
- Moemeli oa ho Folisa: E khethiloe ho latela mofuta oa sekhomaretsi.
- Solvent: Ha ho hlokahala (e lokisa viscosity).
Litšobotsi:
- Melemo: E sireletsa tikoloho, ha e na mesi e kotsi ya kgase, e latela melao.
- Mathata: Bokgoni bo tlase ba ho thibela malakabe, bongata bo phahameng ba ditlatsetso, bo ka ama thepa ya mechini.
4. Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa Moralong oa Tlhahiso
- Khetho e Sireletsang Mollo:
- Halogenated: E sebetsa hantle haholo empa e baka likotsi tikolohong le bophelong bo botle.
- Ha e na Halogen: E sireletsa tikoloho empa e hloka bongata bo boholo.
- Ho lumellana: Netefatsa hore sesebelisoa se thibelang malakabe ha se bake karohano kapa ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya.
- Ho sebetsa habonolo: Qoba tšitiso mabapi le ho fola le ho phalla ha metsi.
- Ho Latela Tikoloho: Khetha dikgetho tse se nang halogen ho fihlela RoHS, REACH, jj.
5. Litšebeliso tse Tloaelehileng
- Kaho: Li-sealant tse sa cheng, likhomaretsi tsa sebopeho.
- Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki: Likhomaretsi tse koahelang boto ea potoloho, likhomaretsi tse tsamaisang motlakase.
- Likoloi: Likhomaretsi tsa mabone a ka pele, likhomaretsi tsa kahare.
6. Litlhahiso tsa Ntlafatso ea Tlhahiso
- Ho Ntlafatsa ho Sireletsa ha Mollo:
- Metswako e kopanetsoeng (mohlala, halogen-antimony, phosphorus-naetrojene).
- Lintho tse thibelang malakabe a nano (mohlala, nano magnesium hydroxide kapa nano letsopa) ho ntlafatsa bokgoni le ho fokotsa bongata ba ditlatsetso.
- Ho Ntlafatsa Matlotlo a Mechini:
- Li-tougheners (mohlala, POE kapa EPDM) ho ntlafatsa ho tenyetseha le ho hanyetsa tšusumetso.
- Ho matlafatsa li-filler (mohlala, faeba ea khalase) ho eketsa matla le ho tiea.
- Phokotso ea Litšenyehelo:
- Ntlafatsa dikarolelano tsa ho thibela malakabe ho fokotsa tshebediso ha o ntse o fihlela ditlhoko.
- Khetha thepa e theko e tlaase (mohlala, lintho tse thibelang malakabe tsa lapeng kapa tse kopantsoeng).
7. Litlhoko tsa Tikoloho le Taolo
- Lintho tse thibelang malakabe a halogenated: E thibetsoe tlas'a RoHS, REACH, jj.; e sebelise ka hloko.
- Lintho tse thibelang malakabe tse se nang halogen: Ho latela melaoana; mokhoa oa nakong e tlang.
8. Kakaretso
Metswako ya ho thibela malakabe e kgomarelang e lokela ho etswa ho latela ditshebediso tse ikgethang le ditlhoko tsa taolo, ho kgetha pakeng tsa dikgetho tse nang le halogen kapa tse se nang halogen. Metswako ya ho thibela malakabe e nang le halogen e fana ka bokgoni bo phahameng empa e baka dikotsi tikolohong, ha mekhoa e meng e se nang halogen e le mosa tikolohong empa e hloka bongata bo hodimo ba tlatsetso. Ka ho ntlafatsa metswako le ditshebetso, dikhomaretsi tse thibelang malakabe tse sebetsang hantle, tse mosa tikolohong, le tse theko e tlase di ka ntshetswa pele bakeng sa kaho, di-elektroniki, dikoloi le diindasteri tse ding.
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Nako ea poso: Mots'eanong-23-2025
